Neighborhood changes as a consequence of the arrival of university students in two areas of Concepción – Chile
Autores
-
José Prada-Trigo
Universidad de Concepción
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4071-1195
-
Carlos Cornejo Nieto
Universidad de Concepción
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-5000
-
Paula Quijada-Prado
Universidad de Concepción
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-0930
Resumo
This article analyzes and interprets the changes produced in the neighborhoods of Agüita de la Perdiz and Las Tres Pascualas (Concepción – Chile) as a consequence of the arrival of university students. While international studies have recently mentioned the importance of studentification as trigger of physical, social, economic and cultural effects in traditional residential neighborhoods, Latin-American contributions on this topic are still few. From these premises, this paper aims to analyze the phenomenon of studentification by emphasizing the dissolution of community links, the economic heterogeneization of the neighborhood and the creation of a specific real estate market for the student sector as the main dynamics produced by their arrival and as facts that could be connected to economic policies of housing. In order to do so, the article employs a methodology based on combined quantitative and qualitative data from a fieldwork-based survey. Outcomes confirm the existence of common elements with other study cases, that, together with other specific ones, are explainable by the origins of both neighborhoods.
Palavras-chave:
students, neighborhood changes, studentification, gentrification, ConcepciónReferências
Aalbers, M. (2016). The financialization of housing. Londres: Routledge.
Aalbers, M. & Christophers, B. (2014). The housing question under capitalist political economies. Housing, Theory and Society, 31(4), 422–428. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2014.947083
Ackerman, A. & Visser, G. (2016). Studentification in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Bulletin of Geography. Socio–economic Series, 31(1), 7–17. https://doi.org/10.1515/bog-2016-0001
Araya, C. (2000). Recuperación urbana laguna. Urbano, 3(3), 70-73.
Cartes, A. (2014). Las Tres Pascualas, patrimonio natural y cultural de Concepción. Concepción: Ediciones de la Universidad de San Sebastián.
Chatterton, P. (2010). The student city: an ongoing story of neoliberalism, gentrification, and commodification. Environment and Planning A, 42(3), 509–514. https://doi.org/10.1068/a42293
Duke–Williams, O. (2009). The geographies of student migration in the UK. Environment and Planning A, 41(8), 1.826–1.848. https://doi.org/10.1068/a4198
Garmendia, M., Coronado, J. M., & Ureña, J. M. (2012). University students sharing flats: When studentification becomes vertical. Urban Studies, 49(12), 2651–2668. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098011428176
He, S. (2014). Consuming urban living in ‘villages in the city’: Studentification in Guangzhou, China. Urban Studies, 52(15), 2849–2873. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098014543703
Holton, M. & Riley, M. (2013). Student geographies: Exploring the diverse geographies of students and higher education. Geography Compass, 7(1), 61–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12013
Hubbard, P. (2008). Regulating the social impacts of studentification: a Loughborough case study. Environment and Planning A, 40(2), 323–341. https://doi.org/10.1068/a396
Hubbard, P. (2009). Geographies of studentification and purpose-built student accommodation: Leading separate lives? Environment and Planning A, 41(8),1903–1923. https://doi.org/10.1068/a4149
Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. (2017). Demográficas y vitales. https://webanterior.ine.cl/estadisticas/demograficas-y-vitales
Kenna, T. (2011). Studenti?cation in Ireland? Analysing the impacts of students and student accommodation on Cork City. Irish Geography, 44(2–3), 191–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/00750778.2011.618073
Kenyon, E. (1997). The impact of student households on residential communities. The British Journal of Sociology, 48(2), 286–301. https://doi.org/10.2307/591753
Kinton, C., Smith, D., & Harrison, J. (2016). De–studentification: emptying housing and neighbourhoods of student populations. Environment and Planning A, 48(8), 1.617–1635. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X16642446
Malet, D. (2018). Understanding international students beyond studentification: A new class of transnational urban consumers. The example of Erasmus students in Lisbon (Portugal). Urban Studies, 55(10), 2142–2158. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098017708089
Munro, M. & Livingston, M. (2011). Student impacts on urban neighbourhoods: Policy approaches, discourses and dilemmas. Urban Studies, 49(8), 1.679–1.694. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098011419237
Munro, M., Turok, I., & Livingston, M. (2009). Students in cities: a preliminary analysis of their patterns and effects. Environment and Planning A, 41(8), 1.805–1.825. https://doi.org/10.1068/a41133
Nakazawa, T. (2017). Expanding the scope of studentification studies. Geography Compass, 11(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12300
Pérez Bustamante, L., González Bello, G., Villouta Gutiérrez, D., Pagola Contreras, L., & Ávila Zañartu, C. (2019). Procesos de reestructuración y verticalización en el centro de Concepción: Barrio Condell. Revista de Urbanismo, (41), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.5354/0717-5051.2019.53926
Pickren, G. (2012). “Where can I build my student housing?” The politics of studentification in Athens–Clarke County, Georgia. Southeastern Geographer, 52(2), 113–130. https://doi.org/10.1353/sgo.2012.0019
Prada-Trigo, J. (2019a). Understanding studentification dynamics in low-income neighbourhoods: Students as gentrifiers in Concepcion (Chile). Urban Studies, 56(14), 2.863–2.879. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098018807623
Prada-Trigo, J. (2019b). Estudiantes universitarios y su importancia en los cambios barriales: ¿hacia nuevos modelos de gentrificación en espacios periféricos? Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, 80, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21138/bage.2683
Prada-Trigo, J., Aravena, N., & Barra, P. (In press). Inversión inmobiliaria proveniente de la minería del norte en el Gran Concepción y efectos sobre el crecimiento urbano. Revista de Geografía Norte Grande.
Revington, N. & August, M. (2019). Making a market for itself: The emergent financialization of student housing in Canada. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X19884577
Russo, A. & Capel, L. (2007). Changing landscapes of student populations. From citadels of education to Cartier Latins (and back?): The changing landscapes of student populations in European cities. Geography Compass, 1(5), 1.160–1.089. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2007.00056.x
Sage, J., Smith, D., & Hubbard, P. (2012a). The diverse geographies of studentification: Living alongside people not like us. Housing Studies, 27(8), 1057–1078. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2012.728570
Sage, J., Smith, D., & Hubbard, P. (2012b). The rapidity of studenti?cation and population change: There goes the (student) hood. Population, Space and Place, 18(5), 597–613. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.690
Sage, J., Smith, D., & Hubbard, P. (2013). New–build estudiantización: A panacea for balanced communities? Urban Studies, 50(13), 2623–2641. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013477694
Smith, D. (2004). ‘Studentification’: the gentrification factory? In R. Atkinson & G. Bridge (Coords.), Gentrification in a global context: the new urban colonialism (pp. 73–90). Londres: Routledge.
Smith, D. (2009). ‘Student geographies’, urban restructuring, and the expansion of higher education. Environment and Planning A, 41(8), 1.795–1.804. https://doi.org/10.1068/a42257
Smith, D. & Holt, L. (2007). Studentification and ‘apprentice’ gentrifiers within Britain's provincial towns and cities: Extending the meaning of gentrification. Environment and Planning A, 39(1), 142–161. https://doi.org/10.1068/a38476
Smith, D. & Hubbard, P. (2014). The segregation of educated youth and dynamic geographies of studenti?cation. Area, 46(1), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/area.12054
Valenzuela, N. (2016). Que se muevan los bulldozers. La política industrial de vivienda mirada a través de la economía política. CA Ciudad y Arquitectura, (152), 1–14.
Aalbers, M. & Christophers, B. (2014). The housing question under capitalist political economies. Housing, Theory and Society, 31(4), 422–428. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2014.947083
Ackerman, A. & Visser, G. (2016). Studentification in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Bulletin of Geography. Socio–economic Series, 31(1), 7–17. https://doi.org/10.1515/bog-2016-0001
Araya, C. (2000). Recuperación urbana laguna. Urbano, 3(3), 70-73.
Cartes, A. (2014). Las Tres Pascualas, patrimonio natural y cultural de Concepción. Concepción: Ediciones de la Universidad de San Sebastián.
Chatterton, P. (2010). The student city: an ongoing story of neoliberalism, gentrification, and commodification. Environment and Planning A, 42(3), 509–514. https://doi.org/10.1068/a42293
Duke–Williams, O. (2009). The geographies of student migration in the UK. Environment and Planning A, 41(8), 1.826–1.848. https://doi.org/10.1068/a4198
Garmendia, M., Coronado, J. M., & Ureña, J. M. (2012). University students sharing flats: When studentification becomes vertical. Urban Studies, 49(12), 2651–2668. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098011428176
He, S. (2014). Consuming urban living in ‘villages in the city’: Studentification in Guangzhou, China. Urban Studies, 52(15), 2849–2873. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098014543703
Holton, M. & Riley, M. (2013). Student geographies: Exploring the diverse geographies of students and higher education. Geography Compass, 7(1), 61–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12013
Hubbard, P. (2008). Regulating the social impacts of studentification: a Loughborough case study. Environment and Planning A, 40(2), 323–341. https://doi.org/10.1068/a396
Hubbard, P. (2009). Geographies of studentification and purpose-built student accommodation: Leading separate lives? Environment and Planning A, 41(8),1903–1923. https://doi.org/10.1068/a4149
Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. (2017). Demográficas y vitales. https://webanterior.ine.cl/estadisticas/demograficas-y-vitales
Kenna, T. (2011). Studenti?cation in Ireland? Analysing the impacts of students and student accommodation on Cork City. Irish Geography, 44(2–3), 191–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/00750778.2011.618073
Kenyon, E. (1997). The impact of student households on residential communities. The British Journal of Sociology, 48(2), 286–301. https://doi.org/10.2307/591753
Kinton, C., Smith, D., & Harrison, J. (2016). De–studentification: emptying housing and neighbourhoods of student populations. Environment and Planning A, 48(8), 1.617–1635. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X16642446
Malet, D. (2018). Understanding international students beyond studentification: A new class of transnational urban consumers. The example of Erasmus students in Lisbon (Portugal). Urban Studies, 55(10), 2142–2158. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098017708089
Munro, M. & Livingston, M. (2011). Student impacts on urban neighbourhoods: Policy approaches, discourses and dilemmas. Urban Studies, 49(8), 1.679–1.694. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098011419237
Munro, M., Turok, I., & Livingston, M. (2009). Students in cities: a preliminary analysis of their patterns and effects. Environment and Planning A, 41(8), 1.805–1.825. https://doi.org/10.1068/a41133
Nakazawa, T. (2017). Expanding the scope of studentification studies. Geography Compass, 11(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12300
Pérez Bustamante, L., González Bello, G., Villouta Gutiérrez, D., Pagola Contreras, L., & Ávila Zañartu, C. (2019). Procesos de reestructuración y verticalización en el centro de Concepción: Barrio Condell. Revista de Urbanismo, (41), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.5354/0717-5051.2019.53926
Pickren, G. (2012). “Where can I build my student housing?” The politics of studentification in Athens–Clarke County, Georgia. Southeastern Geographer, 52(2), 113–130. https://doi.org/10.1353/sgo.2012.0019
Prada-Trigo, J. (2019a). Understanding studentification dynamics in low-income neighbourhoods: Students as gentrifiers in Concepcion (Chile). Urban Studies, 56(14), 2.863–2.879. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098018807623
Prada-Trigo, J. (2019b). Estudiantes universitarios y su importancia en los cambios barriales: ¿hacia nuevos modelos de gentrificación en espacios periféricos? Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, 80, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21138/bage.2683
Prada-Trigo, J., Aravena, N., & Barra, P. (In press). Inversión inmobiliaria proveniente de la minería del norte en el Gran Concepción y efectos sobre el crecimiento urbano. Revista de Geografía Norte Grande.
Revington, N. & August, M. (2019). Making a market for itself: The emergent financialization of student housing in Canada. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X19884577
Russo, A. & Capel, L. (2007). Changing landscapes of student populations. From citadels of education to Cartier Latins (and back?): The changing landscapes of student populations in European cities. Geography Compass, 1(5), 1.160–1.089. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2007.00056.x
Sage, J., Smith, D., & Hubbard, P. (2012a). The diverse geographies of studentification: Living alongside people not like us. Housing Studies, 27(8), 1057–1078. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2012.728570
Sage, J., Smith, D., & Hubbard, P. (2012b). The rapidity of studenti?cation and population change: There goes the (student) hood. Population, Space and Place, 18(5), 597–613. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.690
Sage, J., Smith, D., & Hubbard, P. (2013). New–build estudiantización: A panacea for balanced communities? Urban Studies, 50(13), 2623–2641. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013477694
Smith, D. (2004). ‘Studentification’: the gentrification factory? In R. Atkinson & G. Bridge (Coords.), Gentrification in a global context: the new urban colonialism (pp. 73–90). Londres: Routledge.
Smith, D. (2009). ‘Student geographies’, urban restructuring, and the expansion of higher education. Environment and Planning A, 41(8), 1.795–1.804. https://doi.org/10.1068/a42257
Smith, D. & Holt, L. (2007). Studentification and ‘apprentice’ gentrifiers within Britain's provincial towns and cities: Extending the meaning of gentrification. Environment and Planning A, 39(1), 142–161. https://doi.org/10.1068/a38476
Smith, D. & Hubbard, P. (2014). The segregation of educated youth and dynamic geographies of studenti?cation. Area, 46(1), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/area.12054
Valenzuela, N. (2016). Que se muevan los bulldozers. La política industrial de vivienda mirada a través de la economía política. CA Ciudad y Arquitectura, (152), 1–14.
Twitter
Facebook
